What is mental health:
Mental health refers to a healthy state in which everyone can recognize their own potential, can cope with normal life pressure, can work effectively, and can contribute to the community.
Chinese scholars have made another generalization of the definition of "mental health":
1 There is a sense of happiness and stability.
2 All physical and mental functions are healthy.
3 Comply with the norms of social life, self-behavior and emotional adaptation.
4 Have self-realization ideals and abilities.
5 Unified and harmonious personality.
6 Actively adapt to the environment and have realistic intentions.
7 Have the ability to deal with and regulate interpersonal relationships.
8 Ability to respond to, respond to, and recover from illness or crisis.
Mental health status:
With the transformation of the human library pedigree, in the late 1980s, human diseases increasingly moved towards the spiritual and emotional level. The 2001 report of the World Health Organization pointed out that about 450 million people in the world suffer from various mental and brain diseases, and a quarter of them suffer from some kind of mental disorder at some time in their lives. According to the survey, there are more than 100 million people with various mental disorders in my country, and more than 16 million people with severe mental disorders represented by schizophrenia. The burden caused by mental illness accounts for about 20% of the total disease burden. It ranks first in the burden of various diseases. Mental health problems have become an important public health problem and a prominent social problem, which has had a huge impact on population health and social and economic development.
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Experts predict that human diseases in the 21st century are changing from chronic, physiological diseases to chronic, emotional and mental diseases. It is precisely because human diseases develop more and more spiritually and emotionally that the social chaos it causes becomes more internal, deeper and more complex. There are obvious predisposing factors for the onset of mental illness. Whether it is a mental illness or a physical illness, it takes some time to develop into a mental illness. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen pre-disease maintenance and early treatment to avoid or reduce the occurrence of diseases. However, in clinical practice, the actual number of people receiving treatment only accounts for 20% of the total number, and 80% of patients do not receive treatment. In addition to economic reasons, many people with mental disorders and their family members lack systematic mental health knowledge, are not aware of the harm of mental illness such as suppressing symptoms, or are afraid of being discriminated against by public opinion. Chance.
With the rapid transformation of Chinese society from traditional to modern, people of different strata will feel the initial concentration and confusion to varying degrees in the pursuit of survival, self-identification and ultimate care. The pressure of survival and development leads to more frequent psychological conflicts, which leads to the widespread prevalence and spread of mental illness in society. Regardless of social status, no matter what kind of work you are engaged in, whether it is success or failure, if you do not feel the joy of work and life, you will feel that life is boring and even messed up and ruined. The special social environment provides people who are susceptible to mental illness with the opportunity to get sick, which constitutes the social cause of mental illness.
Mental health strategies:
I Pay attention to the prevention of mental disorders and the promotion of mental health Relevant departments of society and government should relieve the psychological pressure of modern people through mental health education, low-input and high-output mental health treatment, and guide and inspire people to find, diagnose, treat, and get up early. Therefore, they should not stay. After a person commits suicide, it is estimated that he may be suffering from depression, or although he has survived, he no longer cares about the cause of suicide, so no matter how many health resources he has, it is not enough to toss. Faced with the current complex situation, the goal at this stage should be mental health in a narrow sense-"no mental illness, no mental disorder." It is the basic task of building a mental health society. What is worth paying attention to is how to improve and optimize people’s social adaptability, build the spiritual world of modern people, lay a solid foundation, and pay attention to mental health as the society’s rapid transition from tradition to modernity and its adverse effects on mental health. Health in a broad sense. In the process of transformation and development, reduce the corresponding adverse effects on mental health.
1. Fair distribution of mental health services:
Social justice is the historical dream and driving force of public health. Social justice is mainly embodied in three basic requirements: non-discrimination, natural justice and distributive justice. That is, people are required to treat everyone fairly and to ensure that mental health services are implemented on every highway in terms of social systems and policies. When forcibly burdening the people or refusing to grant benefits, there should be procedural justice, and the people should be protected and given various rights in accordance with current norms and principles. As a developing China, the health budget for mental health is still very limited. This is in sharp contrast with the total burden of mental illness in China. With the implementation of the Mental Health Law, this situation will gradually improve. However, this is precisely the problem that needs attention from the unfair distribution of mental health services, especially the determination, distribution and funding of mental health services.
2. Pay attention to socially disadvantaged groups:
Pay attention to the mental health of the elderly, the poor, children and adolescents, and women. People with mental illnesses and mental disorders and other socially difficult groups are, to a certain extent, mental health difficulties that need more social care. Age has a close relationship with social class. Women are generally more prone to depression. Teenagers are a highly anxious age group. Among the citizens at the bottom of society, the incidence of schizophrenia is the highest. At present, some areas still have problems such as "getting old before getting rich", the gap between the rich and the poor, children and adolescents, and the poor mental health of women. This requires the whole society to take action and attach importance to the prevention and treatment of mental illnesses for groups with mental health difficulties. In 2007, the Ministry of Health proposed that the key mental diseases to be prevented and treated were schizophrenia, depression, behavioral disorders in children and adolescents, and Alzheimer's disease. The current prevention and management of serious mental illnesses include: schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, paranoid psychosis, bipolar disorder, mental disorders caused by facial diseases, mental retardation, etc. This actually shows that the relevant government departments are responsible for mental illness. Attention. disease. The needs of groups with health difficulties, but the scope of attention should also be extended to women, social income groups and marginalized groups.
3. Pay attention to the ethical issues of mental health:
Strengthen research on mental health ethics. The main issues that should be concerned at this stage are: how to use excellent ethical and cultural traditions to build the spiritual world of modern people; the fairness of the distribution of mental health and medical resources; the moral responsibility of the government and society in mental health; the prevention and treatment of mental illness Ethical principles; professional ethics of mental health professionals and education of citizens’ mental health ethics.
4. Legal system for mental health:
In 2008, 17 departments including the national health department jointly issued the "Outline of the National Mental Health System Development Plan (2008-2015)". In 2009, in a new round of medical reform initiated by the central government, severe mental illnesses were included in basic public health services and major public health services. In October 2012, the state promulgated the "Mental Health Law of the People's Republic of China." It was officially implemented in May 2013, and mental health work is on track. The Mental Health Law of the People's Republic of China has detailed provisions on the guidelines, principles and management mechanisms of mental health work, the diagnosis, treatment, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of mental disorders, and the protection of the rights and interests of people with mental disorders. obstacle. Mental health issues must be addressed. Have a profound impact.
5. Policy practice to promote equalization of mental health services:
As an important public health policy and public policy, mental health policy should include: 1 formulate relevant policies to promote the mental health of the whole people; 2 ensure that everyone can receive appropriate, high-quality, low-cost services, and gradually solve the needy patients The issue of free treatment for mental disorders; 3 Ensure that patients with mental disorders can receive reasonable medical care and protect their legal rights; evaluate and monitor the mental health of the community, especially for vulnerable groups such as children, women, and the elderly risk.
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