Preventing cancer:
Starting with children
World Cancer Day on February 4 is a global event organized by the International Union Against Cancer (UICC). The theme of this year's World Cancer Day is "Today's Children, Tomorrow's World" (Today's Children, Tomorrow's World). The International Anti-Cancer Alliance, a non-governmental organization based in Geneva, co-sponsored the campaign with member organizations in 86 countries and regions. The target audience for this kind of advocacy is parents, medical workers, and health policy makers. The focus of this activity is cancer prevention, and it conveys a common theme to the world: developing healthy lifestyle habits from an early age will help reduce the risk of cancer in adulthood.
With this theme, the four main messages of this year’s anti-cancer publicity campaign are:
● Create a smoke-free environment for children;
● Actively exercise, eat healthy, and avoid obesity;
● Promote viral liver cancer and cervical cancer vaccine knowledge;
● Avoid exposure to sunlight.
Childhood cancer
Children are the future of the world:
In 2005, more than 7.6 million people worldwide died of cancer. This number is twice the number of AIDS deaths and accounts for 13% of the world's total deaths. In 2006, the number of deaths from cancer exceeded the total number of deaths from AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis. Many people believe that people cannot control the risk of cancer. In fact, of the 11 million newly diagnosed cancer cases worldwide each year, as long as people improve their daily behaviors based on their known health knowledge, 1/3 of the cases are preventable, and the other 1/3 are preventable. prohibit. Patients can get a good prognosis through early diagnosis and early treatment. The best time to prevent is to start with children.
"Today's children, tomorrow's world", this event aims to arouse people's awareness of cancer prevention. The development of good living habits in childhood is of great significance to the health of adults. Children's growth environment, including family, school, community, etc., has a significant impact on the formation of their behavior and habits. The government's inoculation of children with cancer vaccines will play a positive role in the prevention of liver cancer and cervical cancer.
For the above reasons, the "Today’s Children, Tomorrow’s World" publicity campaign will focus on young people, focusing on the following four important factors that induce cancer:
Smokes:
In 2006, tobacco caused 5 million deaths from cancer. Scientific evidence shows that nearly 30% of cancer deaths are related to various forms of tobacco exposure. Smokers have a significantly increased risk of various cancers (including lung cancer, laryngeal cancer, pharyngeal cancer, bladder cancer, cervical cancer, kidney cancer, and pancreatic cancer). Among them, the most common is lung cancer. 80% of male lung cancer and 50% of female lung cancer are caused by tobacco. At the same time, tobacco also greatly increases the risk of cancer in passive smokers.
Overweight and obesity:
Overweight and obesity are related to colon cancer, breast cancer and uterine cancer. But if you follow healthy eating habits from an early age, such as eating more fruits and vegetables, and less red meat and processed meats, your risk of cancer will be greatly reduced. Lack of exercise can increase the risk of colon cancer and breast cancer, and good exercise habits can reduce the risk of colon cancer by half.
Chronic infections and cancer:
Nearly one-fifth of cancers are caused by chronic infections. Every year, nearly 500,000 cases of cervical cancer are related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. These two HPV virus subtypes cause 70% of cervical cancer cases.
HBV vaccine can cause drug resistance in 95% of vaccinators.
Sun exposure:
Ultraviolet light can cause skin malignant melanoma and other types of skin cancer, and the main source of ultraviolet light is sunlight. Every year, 130,000 cases of malignant melanoma and nearly 3 million cases of non-melanoma skin cancer are reported worldwide. The right sunscreen can significantly reduce the incidence of skin cancer. In the case of strong sunlight, parents should guide their children to exercise in the shade, while covering the skin with shirts, sunglasses and hats, and use sunscreen with a factor greater than 20.
It is not difficult to see that improving these lifestyles is also an important means to prevent lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The significance of prevention to health will become more and more profound.
The 5-year survival rate of childhood cancer reaches 80%:
According to the latest 107 cancer registration reports, there were 542 new cancers in children aged 0-17, 664 in 1998, and the standardized incidence rate was 107. In the same period in 1998, it was 14.4 cases per 100,000 people. The same as in 1998. Based on the 10-year trend, the overall standardized incidence rate is roughly the same.
The number of 5 major cancers in the 107 cases of children aged 0-17 (total number of men and women) is (1) leukemia (2) lymphoma (3) germ cell tumor (4) central neuroma (5) other epithelial cancers (thyroid cancer) Mainly cancer), compared with 106 years, except for lymphoma (2) and germ cell tumor (3), the order is the same as that in 106 (see attached table).
Children are most susceptible to leukemia. Boys are more likely to get lymphoma
Among 107, there were 308 new cancers in boys aged 0-17, with an age-standardized cancer incidence rate of 15.7 cases per 100,000 people, and 234 new cases of cancer in girls, with an age-standardized cancer incidence rate per 100,000 people. 12.9 cases Have cancer. The standardized cancer incidence rate for boys aged 0-17 is 1.2 times that for girls. Leukemia is also the most common cancer in boys and girls aged 0-17, accounting for 30% of the 107 new cancer cases (31% and 28% in men and women, respectively); lymphomas mostly occur in boys, with the highest incidence in boys. The second-highest standardized incidence rate of cancer is 2.6 cases per 100,000 people, which is 3.1 times that of girls; other epithelial cancers (mainly thyroid cancer) occur in girls, and the standardized incidence rate is 1.9 times that of boys. Different age groups have different types of cancer. Only leukemia and lymphoma are still among the top 5 cancers in different age groups.
Childhood cancer is not a terminal illness! The 5-year survival rate of early treatment is about 80%
The 5-year survival rate for each cancer is more than 50%, and the overall 5-year survival rate is about 80%, especially for cancers that are detected and treated early. In addition, children can tolerate chemotherapy better than adults because they are still in the growth and development stage, have better cell regeneration, and can withstand more intensive and high-dose chemotherapy. In addition to medical advancements in various supportive therapies, such as antiemetics, hematopoietic drugs (to prevent infections caused by excessively low blood cell phases) and care for preventing mucosal damage, as well as antibiotics to prevent bacterial infections, all contribute to the progress of the treatment process.
"Redness, swelling and pain, pale complexion" Nine-character absolute, early cancer!
Jia Shuli, Acting Director of the State Health Administration, and Lin Dongcan, Chairman of the Children's Cancer Foundation, called on parents and teachers to care for their children. If you find that your child has the following symptoms, please take them to see a doctor as soon as possible for early detection and early treatment.
Fever: Unexplained fever for more than a week.
Large: Unexplained swelling of lymph nodes in the neck, underarms, and mouse knees, especially above 2 cm, fixed to the touch without tenderness. It is recommended to check further.
Swelling: Whether it is the body or limbs, if there is swelling, you need to seek medical attention. If the liver and spleen are enlarged or there is a tumor in the abdomen, it is easier to be found by touching it when taking a bath. Two-thirds of neuroblastomas occur in the abdomen, which is often enlarged or swollen.
Pain: Unexplained pain, such as headache, limb pain (especially lower limb), chest pain, abdominal pain, etc.
God: Nervous system symptoms, such as headache, vomiting, diplopia, weakness of limbs, uncoordinated movement (writing skewed), inability to hold bowls or chopsticks, walking crookedly, and easy to fall.
Vision: Fundoscopy can detect retinoblastoma early. If the tumor is large, the pupils will have white reflections, and the reflections of the pupils of the eyes will be different after the photo is taken.
Mild: Unexplained weight loss, loss of appetite, but stop growing at the growing age.
White: pale face and other anemia
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